Pathology of the vision organ in premature infants (PI) is one of the leading problems in pediatric ophthalmology. The most severe diseases are retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), partial atrophy of the optic nerve, glaucoma, congenital myopia, developmental anomalies leading to blindness [1, 2].

For newborns weighing less than 2500 g, the introduction of a systematic approach to early detection of retinal pathology, conducting methods of careful ophthalmological monitoring to prevent irreversible changes are of medical and social importance [3]. This is due to the specificity of its clinical manifestations, early onset (the first weeks of a premature baby's life) and rapid course [7].