Türkmenmetbugat

"Serhet abat-Döwlet abat" žurnaly

Founder: State Border Service of Turkmenistan
Adress: Ashgabat, Magtymguly, 80
Telephones: 39-53-45

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Articles

Golden Flower

Chrysanthemum is considered the queen of the garden. Its bright colours and exquisitely graceful shapes create a special atmosphere in the garden. The homeland of chrysanthemums is Japan and China. Archaeologists found the first depiction of a chrysanthemum on Chinese porcelain made more than 2,000 years ago. The beauty of chrysanthemums is so captivating that in some countries these flowers are national emblems. For example, the chrysanthemum is depicted on the coat of arms of the imperial family of Japan, printed on the cover of a Japanese foreign passport and recognised as a symbol of the country. The chrysanthemum is depicted on fabrics, vases and dishes. Translated from Japanese, the name of the flower – “kiku” means “the sun that gives life to everything on earth”.

20 December 2024

Miraculous Ointment on the Basis of Wormwood

Scientific laboratories of technological pharmaceutical production of the International Scientific and Technological Park of the Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan have received the limited patent of the State Service for Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Finance and Economy of Turkmenistan. The researchers have developed a one-percent ointment based on the essential oil of the Turkmen wormwood (Artemisia turcomanica) – an endemic medicinal plant, the healing properties of which are described in detail in the multi-volume work Medicinal Plants of Turkmenistan of the National Leader of the Turkmen People, Doctor of Medicine Hero-Arkadag. The authorship of the development belongs to a Doctor of Chemistry Durdymyrat Gadamov, a Candidate of Biology Allamyrat Akmyradov and a graduate student Berdi Berdiyev. The ointment obtained from the group of various compounds has unique properties, including high-quality absorption, duration of effect and stability. The originality of the development lies in the technology of extracting essential oil from raw materials (Turkmen wormwood), which is carried out in several stages. The proposed method also includes steam distillation, i.e. upon receipt of the substance under consideration, the process of separation of the components of the mixture using an overheated steam occurs. Thus, the healing base of the ointment is essential

6 December 2024

A Tree Covered in Legend

Koytendag arouses fascination not only with its natural resources, the bowels of which contains nearly the entire Mendeleev’s periodic table. Most likely, this fact is of great practical interest to geologists, scientists and other experts. These mountains lure tourists by their unique natural monuments, biological diversity, mysterious beauty and unexplained phenomena that you will not see in other places. For example, there is a small stream near the Hojapil village that flows from bottom to top contrary to all the laws of physics. “This cannot be so!” the reader will exclaim and will be right. In fact, this is an optical illusion that most tourists succumb to and then tell others, “Believe it or not, I would not have believed, had I not seen it with my own eyes.”

22 November 2024

Basis to Develop Forestry

Domestic specialists are actively working to modernise the Forest Code of Turkmenistan that will set the priorities of scientific and practical forestry activities and the principles of studying the condition, replenishing natural forest types and caring for specially planted perennial groves and young forests for years to come. The current state of natural and agricultural systems, the requirements for forest reproduction at a new stage of state economic relations, the international commitments adopted since the Code was in force, climate and weather change affecting forestry, a number of legal aspects related to amendments to synergistic legislative acts necessitated revising several provisions and adjusting the document. The work was carried out in various formats: meetings, consultations, exchange of views, meetings of domestic lawyers and experts. In recent weeks, the draft document has been presented, and comments and recommendations provided during recent discussions were reviewed. A forestry specialist, a member of the development team Akmurad ATAMURADOV told in an interview: “The updated document will have a significant impact on reforestation in the country, the protection of natural areas and the creation of manmade forest gardens. Our task is to bring the document in line with modern realities and the international commitments of Turkmenistan to protect the enviro

15 November 2024

A Tree Covered in Legend

Koytendag arouses fascination not only with its natural resources, the bowels of which contains nearly the entire Mendeleev’s periodic table. Most likely, this fact is of great practical interest to geologists, scientists and other experts. These mountains lure tourists by their unique natural monuments, biological diversity, mysterious beauty and unexplained phenomena that you will not see in other places. For example, there is a small stream near the Hojapil village that flows from bottom to top contrary to all the laws of physics. “This cannot be so!” the reader will exclaim and will be right. In fact, this is an optical illusion that most tourists succumb to and then tell others, “Believe it or not, I would not have believed, had I not seen it with my own eyes.”

6 September 2024

Canyon of All Colours of the Rainbow

Yangigala, Kizyl Dag, Fiery Rocks, Rainbow Mountains and Pink Canyon – these are the names of the area on the ancient Ustyurt plateau south of the Garabogaz Bay in the northwest of the Balkan velayat, which is one of the most picturesque natural sites of Turkmenistan and is located 165 km north of Balkanabat and 160 km east of the seaside city of Turkmenbashi. The area of the approximately 24-kilometre section is also called the Grand Canyon of Central Asia, which is recognised as one of the most beautiful landscapes on the planet. The fantastic natural landscape appeared due to geological processes, climate and time. 2500 years ago, the Tethys Ocean was located on this site, but when it dried up, deposits of sandstone and other minerals remained in its place. Then the collision of tectonic plates led to the appearance of hills, and they in turn experienced the effects of erosion, wind and rain, forming incredible layers resembling a giant layered cake in a section.

2 August 2024

Protecting Nature is Everyone’s Duty

Probably, when heading to Geokdere and Archabil, many residents of Ashgabat notice people in uniforms on the tops of the hills. This is how observation posts work – an annual campaign of the fire danger period that begins on May 1 will last all summer long and first half of autumn. From these equipped posts, the area around is inspected for smoke – the early signs of a starting fire and open fire. These structures are set up near industrial facilities and roads and around state nature reserves. Those on duty are ecologists, additional employees of the Ministry of Environment Protection of Turkmenistan and military personnel of the security, defence and law-enforcement agencies, particularly inspectors and firefighters of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, who are in close partnership. Observers are equipped with loudspeakers, two-way radios and communication devices, binoculars, fire extinguishers and mallets to quickly extinguish fires. Fire safety and prevention measures are implemented in an enhanced mode in the recreational areas at the Kopetdag foothills, where residents and guests of the capital recreate in the shade of trees near the rivers on these summer days. Most observation posts are located in such places. Landscapers and utility workers of the Ashgabat hyakimlik keep the gorges in Archabil and Geokdere clean. Awareness-raising activities are conducted for lover

26 July 2024

EFFECTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF TURKMENISTAN: GLOBAL AND NATIONAL ASPECTS

The Turkmen people have always been taking care of and protecting the environment like the apple of their eye. Today, the national traditions of environmental protection inherited from our ancestors are becoming increasingly relevant. The annual nationwide greening campaigns play an important role in turning Turkmenistan into a blooming oasis and raise the people’s pride in their unique nature. In Turkmenistan, environmental protection is one the state policy priorities.  The achievement of sustainable development and environmental security on the planet is closely linked to international cooperation. Our country that acceded dozens of United Nations environmental conventions takes a responsible approach to tackling the challenges to sustainable development facing the world community.

4 July 2024

Preventive measures

«7/24. tm» №24 (211), 10.06.2024 Sometimes the air temperature becomes very high on sunny days, and high ambient air temperatures may cause some people to experience discomfort, which is manifested by increased sensitivity. To prevent hot days from negatively affecting your health, you need to consult a doctor and monitor your blood pressure. Those who suffer from chronic cardiovascular diseases, as well as elderly people and children must follow the daily routine.

10 June 2024

Plants that Love the Wind

Nature is incredibly inventive in its manifestations. In the process of long evolution or historical development, various characteristics appeared in plants as a result of mutations. If they turned out to be useless for the existence of organisms, they gradually disappeared. Those that helped survive were consolidated, strengthened and passed on by inheritance. The characteristics that we currently see in various desert or mountain plants in their external and internal structure are the result of natural selection. They help them vegetate and form fruits and seeds in harsh arid dry conditions, as well as form populations in new areas. Also, for plants in short weather conditions in the Karakum conditions, it is necessary not only to undergo the reproduction process, but also to distribute around the fruits and seeds that form on them. Different types of flora also use environmental factors, for example, wind, with the help of which plants are pollinated and distribute fruits and seeds. Many similar plants grow in the deserts of Turkmenistan: sedge, astragalus, calligonum, sand acacia, white and black saxaul, tamarix and others. In the process of evolution, all of them have developed special outgrowths-devices on their fruits that improve their flying properties.

26 January 2024

Even Mountains Worship Holy Places

In the northeast of the city of Aktau, in the Mangyshlak region, there is a mountain called Shirkala, which in Turkmen means “Lion's fortress” or “Lion Mountain”. There are also other names: the sphinx mountain and the white yurt of gods. If you look at it from one side, it really resembles a huge white yurt, but on the other side, it looks like a sleeping lion with its huge head resting on its paws. Some argue that it resembles a huge bowl, which was turned over by a satiated traveller. Residents of the region consider Shirkala a shrine of Mangyshlak. The mountain with a height of more than 300 metres is capricious and does not tolerate curious onlookers. Despite its relatively low height for mountaineering, Shirkala is a very harsh and unpredictable mountain. Monolithic walls enclosing the summit from almost all sides make climbing to this mountain very difficult, some routes are accessible to professional athletes only. Shirkala has an attractive atmosphere, it attracts travellers, climbers, writers and painters.

19 January 2024

Gems – Luxury of Turkmen Nature

Gems and ornamental minerals – jasper, amethyst, quartz geodes, nodules of pink celestite from Tuarkyr, agate from the Big Balhan Mountains banded marble onyx, which combines translucent and opaque bands, from the caves of Koytendag and Kaylyu, zebra-shaped dolomite from the Kopetdag Mountains, travertine from Gaurdak and chalcedony from Tuarkyr can be found in Turkmenistan. Many beautiful and rare samples “settled down” in the geological collections of training and research centres, nature museums of Turkmenistan and the CIS countries and private collections around the world.

22 December 2023

Guest from the Kazakh Steppes

Carrying out a planned walk-through and pre-winter scientific field activities and at the same time taking a stock of biodiversity, a group of nature conservation inspectors noticed a steppe eagle sitting on a two-metre elevation. Two steppe kestrels circled above him, this is how they usually protect their hunting territory. Suddenly the predator tilted and fell on its back, it became clear that something was wrong with him. Environmentalists began to approach the bird with caution, but there was no reaction on its part. Judging by its exhausted state, it became clear that the eagle had lost all strength during the flight, it was weak and hungry, so it was not difficult to catch it. We delivered the bird to the central estate of the reserve, a veterinarian examined and treated it, and the staff fed the feathered predator and at the same time recorded its measurements. It was an adult: the wing length was 51 cm, the body was 63 cm long, the tail was 24 cm, and the beak was 4 cm. The steppe eagle belongs to the order Falconiformes and the family of Accipitridae; he is a rare species listed in the Red Data Book of Turkmenistan. On the territory of the Badhyz State Reserve, it is registered as a wintering bird, which arrives in late September-early October and is found mainly in the steppe part of the Reserve’s territory. These birds fly back in the second half of March;

22 December 2023

New Flora of Turkmenistan

Scientific methods for studying flora and vegetation began to be applied in the first half of the 19th century. By the end of the century before last, hundreds of famous scientists and naturalists from Russia and Europe visited Turkmenistan in order to search and study of outlandish desert plants and mountain xerophytes. It was during this period that hundreds of thousands of herbarium samples were collected, which served as type material for describing new plant species in the future. Seed and planting material was obtained and was successfully acclimatised, it still adorns the most famous botanical gardens in the world. A lot of research in the field of botany was carried out in the last century, when a number of research institutions were established, and in the current one - in the modern period of independence. Among the achievements is the scientifically confirmed growth within the country of 3,100 species of higher plants (these are ferns, horsetails, gymnosperms or conifers, and flowering plants). Studying the statistics of new species finds over time, it may seem that work in this area is less active than in the past: there is less and less unknown and unexplored. Nevertheless, over the past five years, three species of higher plants have been discovered in Turkmenistan, which I would like to talk about. The history of the discovery of the Calligonum inerme (unarmed ka

17 November 2023

Gardens are the beauty of nature

The Turkmen people cherish the noble principles, and great work is underway in our glorious epoch. The noble principles include planting trees and contributing to the beauty of nature. The harmony of the large-scale work conducted in the country under the wise leadership of the President of Turkmenistan Serdar Berdimuhamedov indicates the effectiveness of the measures in the revival of the new epoch of the powerful state. Protecting and beautifying the nature are among these measures in our country. That is why the tree-planting campaigns are held on a regular basis, and our people take an active part in this noble work. The tree-planting campaign was organized on November 4, and our compatriots engaged in it with great enthusiasm.

10 November 2023

A WONDERFUL PLANT OF TURKMEN DESERT

In the era of the Revival of the new epoch of the powerful state, great attention is paid to protecting and preserving natural resources and nature of the Motherland for future generations. The Karakum Desert that covers a significant part of the total area of our country is a treasure of our country. The Karakum Desert has a very rich flora and fauna. This Turkmen desert is distinguished by its natural wonders and incredible beauty. Thousands of plant species are found in Turkmenistan, and more than 700 of them grow in the desert. In this regard, we should highlight the publication of Volume XV of the Arkadag’s scientific encyclopaedia “Medicinal Plants of Turkmenistan” that describes the national traditions of healing and the medicinal value of the rich flora of the Turkmen land. You clearly see the inextricable connection between human health and nature in the scientific works by our scientist Arkadag. One of the plants widely used in folk medicine is saxaul.

7 November 2023

A WONDERFUL PLANT OF TURKMEN DESERT

In the era of the Revival of the new epoch of the powerful state, great attention is paid to protecting and preserving natural resources and nature of the Motherland for future generations. The Karakum Desert that covers a significant part of the total area of our country is a treasure of our country. The Karakum Desert has a very rich flora and fauna. This Turkmen desert is distinguished by its natural wonders and incredible beauty. Thousands of plant species are found in Turkmenistan, and more than 700 of them grow in the desert. In this regard, we should highlight the publication of Volume XV of the Arkadag’s scientific encyclopaedia «Medicinal Plants of Turkmenistan» that describes the national traditions of healing and the medicinal value of the rich flora of the Turkmenland. You clearly see the in extricable connection between human health and nature in the scientific works by our scientist Arkadag. One of the plants widely used in folk medicine is saxaul. Saxaul is the main plant of the Karakum Desert. There are two types of saxaul, which is a solid wood, white and black. They are very similar but can be distinguished at a distance. The branches of white saxaul are lighter and smaller, while those of black saxaul are thinner and larger. Saxaul forests, particularly white saxaul, are common in the sandy areas of the desert. The height of this plant is from 23 to 5 met

2 November 2023

New Flora of Turkmenistan

Scientific methods for studying flora and vegetation began to be applied in the first half of the 19th century. By the end of the century before last, hundreds of famous scientists and naturalists from Russia and Europe visited Turkmenistan in order to search and study of outlandish desert plants and mountain xerophytes. It was during this period that hundreds of thousands of herbarium samples were collected, which served as type material for describing new plant species in the future. Seed and planting material was obtained and was successfully acclimatised, it still adorns the most famous botanical gardens in the world. A lot of research in the field of botany was carried out in the last century, when a number of research institutions were established, and in the current one - in the modern period of independence. Among the achievements is the scientifically confirmed growth within the country of 3,100 species of higher plants (these are ferns, horsetails, gymnosperms or conifers, and flowering plants). Studying the statistics of new species finds over time, it may seem that work in this area is less active than in the past: there is less and less unknown and unexplored. Nevertheless, over the past five years, three species of higher plants have been discovered in Turkmenistan, which I would like to talk about. The history of the discovery of the Calligonum inerme (unarmed k

13 October 2023

Blind Loach

There is probably no one who did not participate in a game blind man’s buff as a child, in which one is blindfolded and must catch one of the children around him. Everyone has experienced the feeling of insecurity when bumping into the objects. We are used to seeing everything that surrounds us. In this regard, nature has given sight to almost all living beings. The loss of sight makes life incomplete. But there are always exceptions to the general rule. A bat can navigate with confidence in pitch darkness. No matter how fast it flies, it always dodges and bypasses obstacles. This ability of the bat remained a mystery for a long time. When science revealed the principles of work the bat’s organ of vision, an important step was taken to develop technology: a radar that sees flying objects thousands of kilometres away was invented.

6 October 2023

A Feathered Guest in Daray-Dere

Biologists of the research department of the Koytendag State Nature Reserve of the Ministry of Environment Protection of Turkmenistan are considering visiting the picturesque Daray-dere gorge with a new bird species that has not been recorded in those places before. A surprising meeting took place during one of the recent trips to monitor the seasonal state of the flora and to record the fauna species, which, as a rule, are joined by colleagues from other state reserves and biologists from the Nature Conservation Society of Turkmenistan. An ecologist of the Balkan velayat branch of the Society Hojamyrat Hojamyradov saw the unfamiliar bird while he was on the trip with a group of ecologists. To understand what kind of bird it was he had to take a picture of the fidgety creature that rapidly changed its “position” catching nimble flying food and hiding in dense foliage. Hojamyrat aga and I lingered, trying to take a tolerable picture of the quirky bird, and then for a long time we were paging the ornithological guide to all bird species that inhabit the territory of Turkmenistan.

25 August 2023

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