It has been proven that the population of Turkmenistan has unique features in the structure of the visual organ and adaptation to environmental conditions. These include narrowing and closure of the angles of anterior chamber, a clear manifestation of pigmentation of the angle zones, thickening of basal part of iris, and the presence of many folds along periphery of iris.

There is a high probability of differences in the indicators of the lacrimal function of the population for different regions of the country, characterized by different climatic features.