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Articles

Surgical treatment of large-angle paralytic strabismus in children

Aygozel EZIZOVAInternational center of head and neck diseases of the Directorate of International Medical Centers Medical rehabilitation of children with paralytic strabismus includes a surgical stage [6, 7]. Studies by a number of authors have shown that performing tenorrhaphy of the rectus oculi muscles in cases of concomitant strabismus does not lead to a violation of the blood supply to the anterior segment of the eye, is performed technically easily and has a lower risk of complications during operation [1-3].

6 December 2024

The frequency of post-stroke depression depending on the location and size of the stroke

Bahargul MEREDOVADepartment of psychiatry, narcology and medical psychology of SMUT named after M. Garryyev Currently, approaches to the recovery of patients after stroke are diverse and include restoration of both motor and higher mental functions [2]. Therefore, in recent years, attention has been increasingly paid to mental disorders, which, both by behavioral and pathophysiological mechanisms, reduce the reverse development of neurological defects and the patient's adaptability in everyday life [3, 7]. This applies to the greatest extent to anxiety, depressive and apathetic disorders [10].

6 December 2024

The relevance of prevention of metabolic syndrome

Chary NAZAROV, Gul-Bibi GELDIYEVA, Batyr GURBANGULYYEVScientific-research center, Department of normal physiology of SMUT named after M. Garryyew Metabolic disorders such as overweight and obesity are a common problem, which is one of the pressing issues of medicine. According to WHO, the prevalence of obesity has increased by 60-80% in recent years not only among adults, but also among adolescents and children [8]. Scientists have proven that modern physical inactivity and poor nutrition contribute to the aggravation of this problem. In 1989, N. Kaplan described the "quartet of death", by combining impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), arterial hypertension (AH) and dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity in the concept of metabolic syndrome (MS) [3-6].

6 December 2024

Hematological markers of non-developing pregnancy

Nargozel MYRATNAZAROVA, Guljahan HOJAMBERDIYEVA, Svetlana PLESKANOVSKAYADepartment of obstetrics and gynecology, Scientific-research center of SMUT named after M.Garryyev Non-developing pregnancy (NP) is one of the urgent problems of modern obstetrics, leading to 10-20% of reproductive losses [1-5]. Many aspects of NP have been well studied, and algorithms for their diagnosis and treatment have been developed. There are quite a lot of causes of NP, including genetic, inflammatory, endocrine, hemostasiological, and autoimmune factors [1, 2, 6]. However, in 20-40% of cases, the cause of fetal loss remains unclear. Particular attention should be paid to the criteria for the selection of biomarkers and their justification. In this regard, the topic of this study was chosen.

6 December 2024

The effect of estrogens on the cardiovascular system of menopausal women

Tylla TANRYBERDIYEVA, Vladimir KURBANOV, Shemshat AMANDURDYYEVADepartment of hospital therapy with the course of clinical pharmacology of SMUT named after M. Garryyev With physiological and pathological fluctuations in the level of female sex hormones in women during menopause, after ovariectomy, with disruption of the hormonal function of the ovaries due to chronic inflammatory processes, significant metabolic and functional changes in the cardiovascular system of women occur [2, 18, 21].

6 December 2024

A modern method of treatment of post-traumatic arthrosis of the ankle joint

Alym NAZAROVInternational center of endocrinology and surgery of the Directorate of International Medical Centers Treatment of patients with arthrosis of the ankle joint is of great medical and socio-economic importance. This is due to the significant frequency of this pathology and the high degree of disability. The most common cause of this pathology is the consequences of injuries to the ankle joint. We bring to your attention our experience of using arthroscopic techniques in the treatment of arthrosis of the ankle joint.

6 December 2024

Peculiarities of percutaneous puncture nephrolithotripsy depending on the activity of chronic pyelonephritis with large and coral-shaped kidney stones

Allaberen ALLANAZAROV, Mametberdi CHARYYEVInternational center of internal diseases of the Directorate of International Medical Centers, Department of urology and andrology of SMUT named after M.Garryyev Large and coral-shaped kidney stones account for 5% to 35% of cases of urolithiasis, they can be unilateral and bilateral. Currently, percutaneous puncture nephrolithotripsy (PCNL), used in the treatment of large and coral-shaped kidney stones, is considered the "gold standard" method among endourological operations [2, 6]. As a result, it is possible to eliminate from 55% to 98% of large and coral-shaped kidney stones [3, 4]. Very often, coral-shaped kidney stones are accompanied by chronic pyelonephritis. Choosing the right treatment plan for patients depending on the periods of chronic pyelonephritis is one of the main tasks of PCNL [5].

22 October 2024

The results of a study of homocysteine and blood tests in women with habitual miscarriage in early pregnancy

Tazegul SARYYEVA, Tazegul AHMEDOVA, Gunchagul GARAMANOVA, Sonagozel NURGELDIYEVA, Merjen JARCHYYEVAEducational-scientific center for maternal and child health, Department of obstetrics and gynecology of SMUT named after M. Garryyev Miscarriage is an urgent problem of obstetrics and accounts for 10-25% of pregnancies, of which 50-70% occur before 12 weeks, 18-20% at 12-22 weeks [1, 3, 4]. In obstetrics, hyperhomocysteinemia occupies a leading place among thrombophilic complications. Normally, the content of homocysteine in the blood is 5,5-12 μmol/l. In obstetrics, an increase in the amount of homocysteine leads to infertility and pregnancy complications such as early miscarriages, congenital malformations, fetoplacental insufficiency at late gestation, severe gestosis, premature birth and antenatal fetal death [5-8].

22 October 2024

Diagnostics and treatment of thyroid cancer

Meretguly JUMAYEV, Setdar ATAYEV, Myratmuhammet MUHAMMEDOV, Serdar PALTAYEV, Mergen GURBANDURDYYYEV, Sergey AVDEYEVDepartment of radiation diagnostics, treatment and oncology of SMUT named after M.Garryyev, Scientific-clinical center of oncology Thyroid cancer accounts for 1-5% of all malignant tumors, and 20-30% of head and neck tumors, and ranks 5th in frequency of occurrence.

22 October 2024

The effectiveness of using ferula in the complex treatment of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Hydyr AYNAZAROV, Jumadurdy GARLYYEV, Orazgeldi BABAYEVDepartments of therapeutic dentistry, pediatric dentistry of SMUT named after M. Garryyev Chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (CRAS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa and is characterized by recurrence of painful aphthae [1, 2, 5]. Under experimental conditions, Turkmen scientists have studied the antimicrobial, healing, and immunostimulating effects of 5% ferula root syrup in liver diseases, cholelithiasis, and the gastrointestinal tract [6]. However, to date, the clinical efficacy of this medicinal plant in inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity still requires full study.

22 October 2024

Modern aspects of acute occupational diseases

Tylla TANRYBERDIYEVA, Jahan MEZILOVA, Enejan HUDAYGULYYEVADepartment of hospital therapy with the course of clinical pharmacology of SMUT named after M. Garryyev Acute occupational poisoning is a disease that arises as a result of exposure to a harmful production factor. Acute poisoning is mostly observed in accidents, equipment breakdown, when a new, poorly studied and uncleaned substance is introduced into production, when a large amount of harmful substances suddenly enter the air of the working area [1, 2, 11].

22 October 2024

Stages of development of laparotomic methods of treatment of liver echinococcosis

Nazar KARRYYEV, Klychdurdy GURBANBERDIYEV, Serdar MAMMETYAZOVTreatment and consultative center named after S.A. Niyazov, Department of postgraduate training in surgery of SMUT named after M. Garryyev Knowledge of the stages of development of laparotomic methods of liver echinococcectomy, which are currently the "gold standard" in surgery for echinococcosis, should be considered mandatory in the training system of a hepatosurgeon [4, 5, 7-9].

22 October 2024

The results of hygienic assessment of trans fats content in confectionery products produced in Turkmenistan

Shirin VELLANOVADepartment of food hygiene of SMUT named after M. Garryyev As a result of the rapid development of global technologies, new types of food products are being developed every day, intermediate products are appearing, in particular products that are harmful to health, such as trans fats. Trans fats are formed when vegetable and animal fats are converted from liquid to a solid state through the hydrogenation process. We evaluated the results in our scientific work.

5 August 2024

Clinical and morphological features of nasopharyngeal cancer

Chemen DIVANKULIYEVA, Gulyalek YEGENGELDIYEVA, Orazjamal BALAYEVA, Raisa ISRAFILOVADepartment of histology, embryology and cytology of SMUT named after M. Garryyev Nasopharyngeal cancer accounts for 0,1-2,0% of all malignant neoplasms of the head and neck and 45-55% of the pharynx. 60-70% of patients seek medical help in an advanced stage of the disease, and in 70-80% of these patients, when seeking medical help, metastases are detected in the regional lymph nodes of the neck [2, 4, 6].

5 August 2024

Pathomorphological features of non-developing pregnancy

Guljahan HOJAMBERDIYEVADepartment of obstetrics and gynecology of SMUT named after M. Garryyev Non-developing pregnancy is one of the most important problems of modern obstetrics. In recent years, due to the early diagnosis of pregnancy among spontaneous abortions in the early stages, the frequency of non-developing pregnancy (NDP) has increased by 45-88%.

5 August 2024

Treatment methods of demodex blepharitis

Jamilya PINAYEVA, Guncha ANNAYEVA, Mekan SAHETNIYAZOV, Leyla KARAJAYEVAScientific and clinical center for the eye diseases of SMUT named after M. Garryyev Demodicosis is a lesion of the eyelids caused by mites of the genus demodex, and is one of the most widespread dermatoses. Among all inflammatory diseases of the eyelids, blepharitis and blepharoconjunctivitis of demodectic etiology occupy from 39 to 88% [4, 6, 7].

5 August 2024

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of gastroduodenal bleeding

Annagurban ORAZOV, Nurmyrat KAKABAYEV, Gadam SERDAROV, Merdan HOJAMYRADOVDepartment of faculty surgery of SMUT named after M. Garryyev, Emergency first aid center Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum is a chronic, recurrent disease with the development of severe complications with the spread of the inflammatory process to adjacent organs.

5 August 2024

Extragenital pathology and obstetric complications in disorders of the hormonal activity of thyroid gland

Maya KAKAGELDIYEVAHospital with a scientific and clinical center for physiology Thyroid gland (TG) is normally the only source of thyroxine (T4), while about 80% of triiodothyronine (T3) is formed not in the thyroid gland, but by deiodination of T4 in peripheral tissues – muscles, liver, kidneys; the conversion of free T4 (FT4) into free T3 (FT3) occurs in the placenta [7, 8, 13, 16]. The optimal TSH level for planning pregnancy is 0,4-2,0 mU/l for hypothyroidism.

5 August 2024

Pathological changes in patients with metabolic syndrome

Ogulgurban SOLTANOVA, Mammetberdi ELYASOVDepartment of biotechnology of Oguz Khan engineering and technology university of Turkmenistan, Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan Metabolic syndrome is a group of pathological conditions such as abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance and increased fasting blood glucose levels. Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for the development of serious diseases such as type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In most cases, insulin resistance is the main cause and trigger of the symptoms of metabolic syndrome and obesity in particular. As a result of recent studies, it has been revealed that chronic inflammatory conditions are the main factors in the development of metabolic syndrome and subsequent pathophysiological disorders [1, 2].

5 August 2024

Improving population health literacy as a tool for disease prevention

Nurmuhammet AMANNEPESOV, Muhammet ERGESHOV, Ogulmahri GELDIYEVAMinistry of Health and Medical Industry of Turkmenistan, the Information center of the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of Turkmenistan Health literacy, or medical literacy (ML), is a key part of the public health system and covers a wide range of human values-oriented activities. The Shanghai Declaration on Health Promotion, developed in 2016 as part of the WHO 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, states: “Health literacy empowers people and enables them to actively participate in various health-related activities”.

7 June 2024

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